Each state has its own constitution, which generally creates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state government; defines and limits the powers of these branches; and identifies fundamental rights of its citizens. A state’s constitution often defines and limits the state’s power to tax its citizens, and provides for the education of its citizens through public schools.
In Texas, the state constitution establishes the framework for state government, mirroring the federal structure by creating legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The Texas Legislature is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The executive branch is headed by the Governor, and the judicial system includes various levels of courts, with the Texas Supreme Court being the highest court for civil matters and the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals for criminal matters. The Texas Constitution also outlines the rights of its citizens, which include rights that may be more expansive than those in the U.S. Constitution. Regarding taxation, the Texas Constitution contains provisions that govern the imposition and collection of taxes within the state. For education, the constitution mandates the establishment and maintenance of a system of free public schools, ensuring that all children in the state have access to education.
