A mineral deed transfers all ownership rights in the assets under the surface of a tract of land—including oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and minerals—from the grantor (seller) to the grantee (buyer). The transfer also includes all rights to receive royalties, profits, or payments related to the assets under the surface of the land.
In Texas, a mineral deed is a legal document that conveys ownership rights in the minerals (such as oil, gas, coal, hydrocarbons, metals, and other substances) located beneath the surface of a piece of land from the grantor to the grantee. This type of deed is distinct from a surface deed, which transfers rights to the land itself. The mineral deed typically includes the transfer of rights to explore, drill, and extract the minerals, as well as the right to receive any royalties, bonuses, or other payments that arise from the production and sale of these minerals. It's important to note that in Texas, mineral rights can be severed from surface rights, meaning that ownership of the minerals can be separate from ownership of the land above. The mineral deed must be in writing, signed by the grantor, and should be filed and recorded in the county where the property is located to provide notice to third parties and protect the grantee's interests.
